How to Support a Loved One

Supporting someone with bipolar disorder can be challenging but is fundamental to their wellbeing. This guide offers practical advice for family members and friends.

Understanding the Illness

The first step is to educate yourself about bipolar disorder:

• It is not the person's fault nor a lack of willpower
• It is a medical condition that requires treatment
• Symptoms are part of the illness, not the personality
• With appropriate treatment, stability is possible

What to Do During Episodes

During a Manic Phase:

• Stay calm and speak in a quiet tone
• Avoid arguments or direct confrontations
• Protect from impulsive decisions (finances, relationships)
• Encourage rest and reduction of stimuli
• Contact the doctor if symptoms worsen
• Ensure they take prescribed medications

During a Depressive Phase:

• Offer emotional support without judgment
• Listen without trying to "fix" everything
• Encourage small daily activities
• Help with practical tasks if needed
• Monitor for suicidal thoughts and seek help if present
• Remember that depression is temporary

Effective Communication

• Choose the right moment: Talk when the person is calm and receptive
• Use "I" instead of "you": "I worry about you" instead of "You are unwell"
• Be specific: Describe observed behaviors without judging
• Listen actively: Give space to express themselves without interrupting
• Validate emotions: "I understand this is difficult" even if you disagree

Setting Healthy Boundaries

Supporting someone does not mean sacrificing your own wellbeing:

• Recognize your own limits and communicate them clearly
• Take time for yourself
• Don't feel responsible for the illness or recovery
• Seek support for yourself (support groups, therapy)
• Maintain your own activities and relationships

Things NOT to Do

• ❌ Say "think positive" or "it depends on you"
• ❌ Minimize symptoms or the illness
• ❌ Blame the person for their symptoms
• ❌ Encourage stopping medications
• ❌ Make decisions on their behalf (when they are capable)
• ❌ Ignore warning signs

⚠️ Emergency Situations

Contact emergency services immediately if:

• The person expresses suicidal intentions
• There is an immediate risk to themselves or others
• Psychotic symptoms are severe
• There is substance use combined with severe symptoms

Emergency: 112 (EU) | Contact your local mental health service